Description

A dermoid cyst, also known as a mature cystic teratoma, is a type of benign ovarian cyst that contains tissue such as hair, skin, or fat. While usually non-cancerous, these cysts can grow over time and may cause pain, bloating, or complications like ovarian torsion if left untreated. Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure aimed at removing the dermoid cyst while preserving the healthy ovarian tissue. This approach has become the preferred method due to its advantages over traditional open surgery. Why Laparoscopy is Preferred Minimally invasive: Requires small incisions (usually 0.5–1 cm) rather than a large abdominal cut. Faster recovery: Patients can usually go home within 1–2 days and resume normal activities sooner. Less pain: Smaller incisions mean less post-operative discomfort. Better cosmetic results: Minimal scarring. Preserves fertility: Healthy ovarian tissue is preserved, which is important for women planning pregnancy. The Procedure Anesthesia: The patient is placed under general anesthesia. Creating Access: Small incisions are made in the abdomen, and a laparoscope (a thin tube with a camera) is inserted. Visualization: The surgeon examines the ovaries and surrounding structures on a video monitor. Cyst Removal: The dermoid cyst is carefully dissected and removed, taking care not to spill its contents, which can cause irritation in the abdominal cavity. Ovarian Reconstruction: The ovary is repaired to maintain normal function. Closure: The incisions are closed with fine sutures or surgical glue. Recovery and Care Most patients experience mild pain at the incision sites for a few days. Normal activities can often be resumed within 1–2 weeks. Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity for at least 2–3 weeks. Follow-up appointments ensure proper healing and check for recurrence. Risks and Complications While laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is generally safe, potential risks include: Bleeding Infection Injury to surrounding organs (rare) Cyst rupture during surgery (may require thorough cleaning to prevent inflammation) Conclusion Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for a dermoid cyst is a safe, effective, and fertility-preserving surgical option. It allows women to recover quickly and return to their daily lives with minimal discomfort and scarring. If you experience abdominal pain, bloating, or irregular periods, consult a gynecologist for evaluation and timely management.