Description

Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of acute abdominal pain in children. It occurs when the appendix, a small tube-like structure attached to the large intestine, becomes inflamed due to blockage or infection. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as untreated appendicitis can lead to serious complications, including rupture, peritonitis, and sepsis. Symptoms in Children Recognizing appendicitis in children can be challenging, as symptoms often vary with age. Common signs include: Abdominal pain, often starting around the navel and later shifting to the lower right side Nausea and vomiting Loss of appetite Fever Diarrhea or constipation Swelling or tenderness in the abdomen Diagnosis Diagnosis is primarily clinical but is often supported by imaging studies and laboratory tests: Ultrasound: First-line imaging, particularly in children, as it avoids radiation exposure CT Scan: Used selectively when diagnosis is uncertain Blood Tests: Elevated white blood cell count may indicate infection Urine Test: Helps rule out urinary tract infections that can mimic appendicitis Appendicectomy – Surgical Treatment Surgery remains the definitive treatment for appendicitis in children. There are two main approaches: Open Appendicectomy Performed through a small incision in the lower right abdomen The inflamed appendix is removed directly Often preferred in complicated cases such as perforation or abscess Laparoscopic Appendicectomy Minimally invasive surgery using small keyhole incisions and a camera Offers faster recovery, less post-operative pain, and better cosmetic results Ideal for uncomplicated appendicitis Postoperative Care After appendicectomy, children typically recover quickly, but care includes: Pain management with medications appropriate for age Gradual reintroduction of diet, starting with liquids Monitoring for complications such as infection or intestinal obstruction Encouraging gentle activity while avoiding strenuous play until fully healed Prognosis With timely diagnosis and surgical intervention, children usually recover fully from appendicitis. Early appendicectomy prevents complications and ensures a shorter hospital stay, allowing the child to return to normal activities safely. Conclusion Appendicectomy is a safe and effective treatment for appendicitis in children. Awareness of early symptoms, prompt medical attention, and modern surgical techniques like laparoscopy contribute to excellent outcomes. Pediatric surgeons prioritize minimally invasive approaches to ensure rapid recovery and minimal discomfort for young patients.